tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49665210533539955722024-03-05T08:37:26.032-08:00SSD for R BlogCharles Auerbach, PhD and Wendy Zeitlin Schudrich, PhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07285713913938363976noreply@blogger.comBlogger37125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4966521053353995572.post-46705613389225327212015-11-06T09:47:00.000-08:002015-11-06T09:47:18.315-08:00FREE client record keeping with The Clinical RecordLast month, we, along with our colleague, Dr. Susan Mason, conducted a workshop about free client software at the Council on Social Work Education's Annual Program Meeting in Denver. There was some real interest and enthusiasm for this and Making Your Case at that meeting, so we thought we would share with you some of what was presented and tell you how you can also get this free software. If this piques your interest, please send us an <a href="mailto:cwresearchassociates@gmail.com" target="_blank">email</a> and we can send you the software, slides, scripts, etc.<br />
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We created The Clinical Record to help small and mid-sized agencies/practices collect client data. Why did we do this? Because we wanted to help agencies create a repository for storing client records in a way that can be useful for program evaluation later on. In this blog post, we will give you a quick tour of The Clinical Record and in our next post, we will show you how to download data so you can analyze it.<br />
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When you first enter The Clinical Record, you will be on the <i>Client</i> tab:<br />
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Here, you will be able to view, enter and store basic demographic client data. You can define ALL drop-down menus so you can do some tailoring to your own agency/practice need using the <i>Modify Codes</i> tab!</div>
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Because The Clinical Record assumes that the agency in which you work is not in a vacuum, we allow you to identify resources in the community and relate them to your clients on the <i>Resources</i> tab.</div>
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On the <i>Notes</i> tab, you can put an UNLIMITED amount of qualitative information. In our example, we show you dated session notes.<br />
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The <i>Interventions</i> tab allows you to associate defined client interventions with a particular client problem or diagnosis. In this example, we show you that this client is receiving group counseling for academic problems.<br />
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We also let you define desired outcomes, which can be assigned to various clients regardless of whether or not they have achieved them yet. This is done on the <i>Outcomes</i> tab.<br />
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The <i>Disposition</i> tab allows you to terminate with a client, provide a final diagnosis and then add some last notes. If the client returns to your agency, you can simply look up the client and add another admission.<br />
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What would you do with all this client information? We have a few ideas:<br />
1) You can use the <i>Reports</i> tab to produce some basic reports. We provide 3 with The Clinical Record, but we can create customized reports to fit specific agency needs. Just let us know!<br />
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2) You can download data, import it into <i>R </i>and analyze it for FREE! You can have a facility to collect and analyze agency/program data for FREE! And how wonderful is that?<br />
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Let us know what you think! We appreciate your comments and <a href="mailto:cwresearchassociates@gmail.com" target="_blank">emails</a>, as always!<br />
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<br />Charles Auerbach, PhD and Wendy Zeitlin Schudrich, PhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07285713913938363976noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4966521053353995572.post-39276772689153068172015-07-23T13:35:00.002-07:002015-07-23T13:35:36.870-07:00Using R in the classroom - after a hiatusIt's been a super long time since we wrote on our blog, but WE HAVE NOT ABANDONED YOU! We have been busy, busy, busy with a few things. Our second book finally came out, and that has taken up some of our time with the extensive book tour and all....<br />
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Seriously, as soon as the book came out, we were up and running with it during our summer semester in our MSW program. We thought you might be interested in how we are using it and <i>R</i> in our Master's classes.<br />
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To set the stage properly, this book is not about any particular <i>R</i> package at all. It is really a guide on how to do program evaluations using <i>R</i> instead of other proprietary software. The majority of the book steps through different types of evaluations with case studies. They range from very simple evaluations where you might want to simply describe the characteristics of clients to much more complex outcome evaluations with multivariate regression models and, of course, everything in between.<br />
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In our MSW classes, we used <i>R</i> to do a class project where the students evaluated our educational program with the outcome being overall student satisfaction. We could go on and on describing what this project was like, but a picture is worth 1,000 words, and we thought it might be more interesting to show you some slides from one of our groups' final presentations. But first.... a shout-out to our students who agreed to share their work with us, so thank you Avallon Leopold, Ashley Moses and Alyssa Tanz!<br />
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The overall research question was what: factors contributed to student satisfaction in our MSW program. Avallon, Ashley and Alyssa, after conducting a literature review, hypothesized that fieldwork placement, supervision, and academic instruction would all be positively related to student satisfaction. They also thought there would be no significant relationship between marital status and overall student satisfaction. Let's tune in to see what they found....<br />
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With regard to fieldwork supervision:<br />
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The students found a weak, but non-significant between students' perceptions of fieldwork supervision and overall satisfaction with the MSW program.</div>
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About fieldwork satisfaction: </div>
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Nothing! Nada! No relationship at all!</div>
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When testing their hypothesis about marital status, this is what they found:</div>
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Still no significant relationships, but what what about students' satisfaction with academic instruction?</div>
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Whoa! We finally found something! A moderate and significant relationship between students' satisfaction with their instructors and with the overall program. You know what that means to us as professors? PRESSURE!</div>
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On a more serious note, this is how our students produced such fabulous work in 7 short weeks - hard work! To do those really cool scatterplots with the regression line superimposed, they used the <b>scatterplot()</b> function from the <i>car </i>package. The correlations were done using the <b>rcorr()</b> function from the <i>Hmisc </i>package because it helped the students deal with missing values and calculate the chances of making a Type I error in one easy step. The snazzy box plots and one way ANOVA were put together by using functions from base <i>R</i>. No fancy packages.</div>
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We asked the students at the end of the summer about their experiences with <i>R</i> anecdotally and this is what we heard:</div>
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<li>easier to use than that really, really expensive software package because all the commands were on one-line and they didn't have to go through menu after menu.</li>
<li>they found the book really helpful because everything, including all the commands needed to do their analysis were in there.</li>
<li><i>R</i> just wasn't nearly as scary as they thought it would be!</li>
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All-in-all, a good first experience for us using <i>Making Your Case</i> with our MSW students. Oh, and by the way, <i>Making Your Case</i> is available at all the usual places you might think of: Amazon, Barnes and Noble and Oxford University Press. We asked Oxford to produce the book in paperback to keep the cost down and they did!</div>
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<br />Charles Auerbach, PhD and Wendy Zeitlin Schudrich, PhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07285713913938363976noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4966521053353995572.post-66430845449508836802015-03-28T08:39:00.000-07:002015-03-28T08:39:03.948-07:00Happy Social Work Month!<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">While it's nearly over, March IS Social Work Month, so in honor of this auspicious occasion, we were asked by our publisher, Oxford University Press, to share a few thoughts.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Well, if you actually know us or have seen us speak, that is a very dangerous request! We tend to go on and on and on..... especially when it's a topic we really care about.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">It wasn't hard to figure out what to write about, though, because The New York Times, of all places, published an Op-Ed piece titled <i><a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/01/opinion/social-programs-that-work.html?_r=1" target="_blank">Social Programs That Work</a></i>. That article was written by Ron Haskins</span></span><style><!--
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Families at the Brookings Institution and a former </span><span>Senior Advisor to the
President for Welfare Policy during George W. Bush’s administration. His article looked at the need to fund social programs that are effective from a policy perspective.</span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span>Besides writing books and teaching classes, we ACTUALLY work with agencies to do (what else?) program evaluation. So we often get a real snapshot of what is going on in the trenches with regard to the very topic of Mr. Haskin's article. In our article, which you can find on the <a href="http://blog.oup.com/2015/03/collecting-evaluating-data-social-programs/" target="_blank"><i>Oxford University Press Blog</i></a>, </span>we look at some of the real-life situations facing agencies today and suggest one solution for identifying effective social programs within agency settings.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvpKwiov7qNFvefaV5EIEIk1VaF-DSQbDIdyvsbit2bXUQfghyphenhyphen89wdgKYTH_pHbWOGATVi1gOM-LIAhdZW4CYzF4ztJgx1zAbaaHxq0evnsz8hfAjRFuYYNj_VYGYSg8qzSNT3pH16Zu70/s1600/OUP+desktop.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvpKwiov7qNFvefaV5EIEIk1VaF-DSQbDIdyvsbit2bXUQfghyphenhyphen89wdgKYTH_pHbWOGATVi1gOM-LIAhdZW4CYzF4ztJgx1zAbaaHxq0evnsz8hfAjRFuYYNj_VYGYSg8qzSNT3pH16Zu70/s1600/OUP+desktop.jpg" height="152" width="400" /></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">While not specifically about <i>R</i>, you can probably see where our heads are, and how we think all this <i>R </i>stuff that we have been working on fits into the larger picture of social work practice!</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>We would love to hear what YOU think! </b> Be sure to leave a comment on the bottom of the blog post on <a href="http://blog.oup.com/2015/03/collecting-evaluating-data-social-programs/" target="_blank">Oxford's site</a>! We will be checking in frequently to see what others think about our ideas.</span></span><br />
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Charles Auerbach, PhD and Wendy Zeitlin Schudrich, PhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07285713913938363976noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4966521053353995572.post-65771314674860597962015-02-26T06:58:00.000-08:002015-02-26T06:58:02.082-08:00How do we love thee, R? Let us count the ways....
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We have been talking about <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">R</i> (well, actually pushing <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">R</i>)
as a good replacement for proprietary statistical software for some time, but
we thought we’d take this opportunity to share with you WHY we think this is.</div>
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<br /></div>
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By the way, we have developed this thinking more clearly
recently because of conversations we’ve had with our esteemed editor, Dana
Bliss, at Oxford University Press, and our colleagues, Dr. John Orme and
Matthew Cuellar, down in the relative warmth of Knoxville, Tennessee.</div>
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<br /></div>
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1)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As educators, we
should be teaching our students to use software that they have access to once
they go out into the field.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>From our own
little anecdotal survey, very few social service agencies have SPSS, which is
what most schools teach, so what good is it to teach students skills that they
can’t apply later? </div>
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<br /></div>
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Can we convince agencies to use SPSS?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Wouldn’t that be easier?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The answer to that is most likely not.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>SPSS is expensive.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Really, really expensive.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>SPSS is sold in different versions and with
different modules.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If you’d like to
purchase the high-end networked version, it will set you back tens of thousands
of dollars.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Per year.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You’ve got it – licenses are only good for
one year.</div>
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<br /></div>
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2)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">R</i> is cutting edge.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We have only talked about using <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">R</i> for statistical analysis, but it can
be used for much, much more.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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<br /></div>
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Think social service agency again.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You may be producing similar reports
regularly.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You might, for instance, have
to report to your board how many clients you served in a quarter, how many
terminated, etc.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You may have to show
graphs.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Or you may need to do more
sophisticated analysis, such as determining how successful your programs are.</div>
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<br /></div>
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You can actually create dynamic documents in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">R</i> with some user-contributed packages
that will run your analysis and insert your findings, tables and graphics
AUTOMATICALLY in your documents. Way cool.</div>
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<br /></div>
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3)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">R</i> has statistical capabilities that that
really expensive software can’t do.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For
all that money you just spent, you still can’t do it all! How disheartening is
that?</div>
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<br /></div>
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4)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We are pretty
certain that the steep learning curve that people write about is not quite as
steep as you may think.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Sure, if you
want to run diagnostics on your logistic regression, you may have some learning
to do, but you can easily solve that problem by purchasing a REALLY GOOD BOOK
THAT IS GOING TO BE AVAILABLE FROM OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS IN JUNE FOR A GREAT
PRICE.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Or you can spend thousands and
thousand per year for SPSS.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>But then
you’ll still have some learning to do.</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Bottom line – we have been teaching R to our students for a
couple of years now (yes, we converted from SPSS) and we have seen NO
difference in our students’ abilities to learn statistical methods.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If anything, our students are learning more
now because they install R on their home computers and can practice skills we
teach in class at home.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
5)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>All the cool kids
are doing it!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">R</i> is growing in popularity across all sectors.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This includes academia, science, and
business.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Microsoft, for example, just
purchased Revolution Analytics, a firm that focuses on using <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">R</i> for analyzing Big Data.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">R</i>
is powerful and everyone knows it, including the “big boys.”</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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6)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Resources
abound.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You can learn about <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">R</i>, in large part, for FREE!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A good starting point is <a href="http://cran.r-project.org/">http://cran.r-project.org/</a>, the home of
all things <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">R</i>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Here, you can find, downloadable manuals, a
refereed journal, and a list of recommended books.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Or go to YouTube and enter “R + statistics.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The last time we did that, we got 381,000
results.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And in the spirit of things
being freely available, top-notch universities including Harvard, UC Berkley,
and Johns Hopkins are offering classes on <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">R</i>
via massive open online courses such as Coursera and edX.</div>
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<br /></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">R</i> is just good for
the planet.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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And did we mention <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">R</i>
and all of its packages are FREE?</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Yup.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We love <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">R</i>.</div>
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<br /></div>
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Charles Auerbach, PhD and Wendy Zeitlin Schudrich, PhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07285713913938363976noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4966521053353995572.post-84077187434291419982015-01-24T13:46:00.000-08:002015-01-24T13:46:01.568-08:00Catching the waveRecently, we were down in New Orleans for The Society for Social Work and Research annual meeting. While we enjoyed all that that city has to offer, we also enjoyed something else. We've noticed that <i>R</i> seems to be growing in popularity among social work researchers!<br />
<br />
Two years ago, we did a workshop at SSWR on analyzing single-system data using our package, <i>SSDforR</i>. We believe it may have been the first workshop at SSWR ever focusing on the use of <i>R</i>. Last year, we discovered that Joe Mienko, Richard Smith and Gregor Passolt had a workshop in addition to another one that we did. And then there were two.<br />
<br />
THIS year, there were three <i>R</i>-based workshops - we did one on effect sizes, Joe and his colleagues, David Rothwell, Richard Smith and Gregor Thomas, did one on visualizing data, and Kaipeng Wang, from Boston College, did a third on basic statistics using <i>R</i>. And we jointly hosted a special interest group - which is basically a collection of like-minded people who sit down and chat about a particular topic. <br />
<br />
So our question is - are we catching a wave?<br />
<br />
We think so! <br />
<br />
As we arrived back in New York, we got inspired to see how popular <i>R </i>really is becoming, and this is what we found (purely anecdotal folks) -<br />
<br />
LinkedIn has a pretty active group for social science researchers called "Research, Methodology, and Statistics in the Social Sciences." One recent poster wanted recommendations for basic books about <i>R</i>. He got 42 replies in less than a week. Another wanted volunteers to beta test an <i>R</i> package he wrote for educational purposes. He got 76 replies!<br />
<br />
This is sort of the buzz we've been hearing on the academic and popular fronts:<br />
<i><br /></i>
1) <i>R</i> is free. As in no cost. Ever. Big highlight.<br />
<br />
2) SPSS, probably the most widely used statistical package in the social sciences, is getting more expensive. So expensive that they have basically priced themselves out in many cases.<br />
<br />
3) Most social service agencies have little to no budget for statistical software so.... why teach students to use something that they will likely never have access to once they leave school. Why not give them tools that they can bring into the field and build research capacity in the agencies in which they work? <br />
<br />
4) The learning curve for learning <i>R</i> is less steep than rumors might suggest. We are successfully using it in all our research classes and, it seems, other schools are picking it up, too. Including some of the biggies.<br />
<br />
5) This week, Microsoft announced its purchase of Revolution Analytics, a firm that leverages the power of <i>R</i> to analyze "big data."<br />
<br />
So.....<br />
<br />
We come back from New Orleans INVIGORATED and ready to do more work with <i>R</i>!Charles Auerbach, PhD and Wendy Zeitlin Schudrich, PhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07285713913938363976noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4966521053353995572.post-7877102209571981602014-12-04T11:55:00.000-08:002014-12-04T11:55:02.400-08:00The new book is officially IN PRESS!
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">It
really has been a while since we have written, but it's not because we have
forgotten you or moved on to something else - quite the contrary! We
finished the manuscript to our next book and completed the revisions.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">We
thought we would take this opportunity to tell you a little bit about it
because WE ARE SO EXCITED! Like our first book, we provide readers with a
software freebie. This time it is a database that practitioners and
smaller agencies can use to track clients.</span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The
book is called <i>Making Your Case: Using R for Program Evaluation</i>.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">There
have been lots of books written about research methodology and data analysis,
and many books have been written about using <i>R </i>to analyze and present data; however, <b><u>this book</u></b><u> </u>specifically
addresses using <i>R</i> to evaluate
programs in organizational settings.<span> </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The book is divided
into three sections.<span> </span>The first section
addresses background information that is helpful in conducting practice-based
research.<span> </span>The second section provides background to begin working with <i>R</i>.<span> </span>Topics include how to
download <i>R</i> and <i>RStudio</i>, navigation, <i>R</i>
packages, basic <i>R</i> functions, and
importing data.<span> </span>This section also
introduces <i>The Clinical Record, </i>the
software we mentioned earlier.<span> </span>The
remainder of the book uses different case studies to illustrate how to use <i>R</i> to conduct program evaluations.<span> </span>Techniques include visualizing and describing
data, bivariate analysis, simple and multiple regression, and logistic
regression.<span> </span>The final chapter
illustrates a comprehensive summary of the skills demonstrated throughout the
book using <i>The Clinical Record</i> as a
data repository. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">We
will also be providing readers with the sample files and scripts so you will be
able to work through all the examples in our book.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">We're
not quite sure when the book will be available, but we are working closely with
our editor at Oxford University Press to move it along as quickly as possible. </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>Charles Auerbach, PhD and Wendy Zeitlin Schudrich, PhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07285713913938363976noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4966521053353995572.post-88058469480896467232014-09-29T12:45:00.000-07:002014-09-29T12:45:32.492-07:00HELP!!!! filesWe know, we know.... We said that we were going to talk about using <i>R</i> in the classroom for a while, but we just couldn't resist sharing something small, but exciting in <i>SSDforR</i>.<br />
<br />
First, if you have already installed <i>SSDforR</i>, be sure to download the latest version, 1.4.7, from CRAN. We have updated the help files in a small, but useful way. Let us show you what we mean.....<br />
<br />
To get to the help files, you really have three choices once you require the package by clicking on the box next to <i>SSDforR</i> in the Packages tab:<br />
<br />
1) In the Console, type ?SSDforR at the prompt. You will be taken here:<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqGCjNryl3jaUux1mlehvZFP-c3_V-nDnxqnImtpoFT5gKcUU0ZNdQpwrs-RZkZRvCMuWeSf3FZGJxHIbLKzvECE9ma1oNkmq_WcNSACn1fBpPihuD1LnbK-0BUgN9T12QrkKvtoHFFmYD/s1600/SSDforR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqGCjNryl3jaUux1mlehvZFP-c3_V-nDnxqnImtpoFT5gKcUU0ZNdQpwrs-RZkZRvCMuWeSf3FZGJxHIbLKzvECE9ma1oNkmq_WcNSACn1fBpPihuD1LnbK-0BUgN9T12QrkKvtoHFFmYD/s1600/SSDforR.jpg" height="263" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
If you click on the Index hyperlink (see the arrow above), you will be taken to a page showing all the help files. It looks like this:<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeCpWNQxyH8S0b3Ch5y4dN7WwvnijiWkCxQo9QygUqQypG0SZUXAapTO-s0qEma89VbHeAD2Jf4sTGh-1S0k4P0ohjIHTwIE0ospyq3WF9lboL10Tq1efUzBpx1pYGv5lCepg1wc2ECUjo/s1600/2014-09-29_15-21-28.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeCpWNQxyH8S0b3Ch5y4dN7WwvnijiWkCxQo9QygUqQypG0SZUXAapTO-s0qEma89VbHeAD2Jf4sTGh-1S0k4P0ohjIHTwIE0ospyq3WF9lboL10Tq1efUzBpx1pYGv5lCepg1wc2ECUjo/s1600/2014-09-29_15-21-28.jpg" height="400" width="307" /></a></div>
<br />
Now click on the hyperlink for the function you want. <br />
<br />
2) You can also simply click on the <i>SSDforR</i> hyperlink in the Packages tab:<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbG3SC4jkt8cm3J7cN2ad5LOoZl33h7BdsioTHAtzCwkFEo70VHFiavefsagEkMmhCXRfzxkPNI57dpNq06C2Hly5VJCnSXdUWfZeFDes4tIzcW-C3YRptn4dwdrH1tKmV5P2zc2spskep/s1600/SSDforR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbG3SC4jkt8cm3J7cN2ad5LOoZl33h7BdsioTHAtzCwkFEo70VHFiavefsagEkMmhCXRfzxkPNI57dpNq06C2Hly5VJCnSXdUWfZeFDes4tIzcW-C3YRptn4dwdrH1tKmV5P2zc2spskep/s1600/SSDforR.jpg" height="275" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
You will then be taken to the help file screen, shown above.<br />
<br />
3) If you know the function you want specific help for, simply type "?" followed by the function in the Console. For example, if you want help with the ABrf2 function, simply enter: ?ABrf2.<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
******</div>
Now, here's our help file reveal that will, hopefully, make your lives easier.....<br />
<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-aaZrGZbbq9oA3BC_h-JEixcg97WR-Vo-9nEn1pIf_SCM7kI7yQQFXGo3aLYxZY13lKhe9O7Luc4KmLwP1c8owkN5rnhvnUXZmL3cPaXS3pF7NTFrTDTlYsZSByqM-qw4jFB9MJyNUp-x/s1600/SSDforR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-aaZrGZbbq9oA3BC_h-JEixcg97WR-Vo-9nEn1pIf_SCM7kI7yQQFXGo3aLYxZY13lKhe9O7Luc4KmLwP1c8owkN5rnhvnUXZmL3cPaXS3pF7NTFrTDTlYsZSByqM-qw4jFB9MJyNUp-x/s1600/SSDforR.jpg" height="366" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
In the references section, for each function, we inserted ALL the pages from our book that refer to that particular function. <br />
<br />
What does that mean and how will that help you?<br />
<br />
Now, you will have in-depth <i>descriptions</i> of each function, an explanation of <i>when</i> you would want to use the function, how you would <i>interpret</i> your findings, and a contextual <i>example</i>.<br />
<br />
As an example, let's look at the ABrf2 function. Notice that the listed pages in the help file are clustered around pages 37-41 and 65-66. When you refer to those pages in our text, you find a more comprehensive discussion of autocorrelation and related functions. We also provide, in these pages, multiple examples of how we would interpret findings from this function. When is autocorrelation problematic? Why is it problematic? Could I somehow rid my data of this dreadful condition?<br />
<br />
You get the point.....<br />
<br />
Check it out, and let us know how well this works for you! Feel free to <a href="mailto:ssdforr2013@gmail.com" target="_blank">email</a> us, comment on this post, and, of course, continue to check out our website: <a href="http://www.ssdanalysis.com/">www.ssdanalysis.com</a><br />
<br />
<br />Charles Auerbach, PhD and Wendy Zeitlin Schudrich, PhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07285713913938363976noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4966521053353995572.post-79665865017705455752014-09-03T07:49:00.001-07:002014-09-03T07:49:23.613-07:00Starting the Semester With A Little R<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In our last blog post, we told you that in our Applied Methods in Social Work Research classes that we taught during the summer, we introduced <i>R</i>
on the first day of class EVEN though we don't get into data
analysis until much further along. </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">We thought that
introducing students to <i>R</i> early would build confidence as we taught skills incrementally. Comments from two students from our last post provided support that this may be the way to go in the future, too.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In this post, we thought we would share a little bit about how we approached this.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">First, the Applied Methods courses in our school are taught in computer labs, so each student had a computer available during class time. This made our lives infinitely easier when we did in-class activities. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">During the first class we did some really simple stuff:</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">1) We showed the students how to open <i>RStudio </i>and gave them a tour of the panes. We showed them that they would be most interested in looking at datasets, called data frames in <i>R</i>, in the Environment tab. We showed them that they would enter commands and view output in the Console. We also showed them that they would view graphs in the Plots tab in the lower right pane.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoRi88Z5ggEfJotwitgViF35_LxDSALHP2MZhoRkE4BC716tnFwcNmnHSSXc9E8vazQdoh-ZBGpPx9Zk244xvTfOoEZHLUSvv1dwiCIIIpuSmNIWTlJxaUttsbpyh0T3anYUAahgmmUmPM/s1600/blank+rstudio.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoRi88Z5ggEfJotwitgViF35_LxDSALHP2MZhoRkE4BC716tnFwcNmnHSSXc9E8vazQdoh-ZBGpPx9Zk244xvTfOoEZHLUSvv1dwiCIIIpuSmNIWTlJxaUttsbpyh0T3anYUAahgmmUmPM/s1600/blank+rstudio.jpg" height="340" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">2) We opened an existing dataset and showed the students the tabular view by clicking on the spreadsheet icon in the Environment tab. This was a great way to first introduce students to the idea of multiple observations/cases/subjects and variable names.</span><br />
<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgB80idieR9MkcCkEiaNUt_xNGFiRojq9bHs7wzY7GPwFATnPJWOGqPaXksL2zfpwjx0zEcbMCAB7WEPMciDF3U_QMfYIglSLkeoyGmfoutFykFJEzq1n52k-o6OgijfMZRweaxEDkqlME7/s1600/Mainstr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgB80idieR9MkcCkEiaNUt_xNGFiRojq9bHs7wzY7GPwFATnPJWOGqPaXksL2zfpwjx0zEcbMCAB7WEPMciDF3U_QMfYIglSLkeoyGmfoutFykFJEzq1n52k-o6OgijfMZRweaxEDkqlME7/s1600/Mainstr.jpg" height="172" width="400" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">3) Finally, we encouraged students to download <i>R </i>and <i>RStudio</i> at home since in the following classes there was going to be homework that needed to be completed outside of class. To provide additional support, we pointed them to two videos on our YouTube channel, SSDforR. The first was on installing <i>R</i> and <i>RStudio</i> in a Windows environment and the other was on installing on a Mac. These videos are also accessible from our website at: <a href="https://www.ssdanalysis.com/Videos.html">https://www.ssdanalysis.com/Videos.html</a></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">We would love to hear how this worked for our students so feel free to post a comment or send us an <a href="mailto:ssdforr2013@gmail.com" target="_blank">email</a>! Also, if you teach or train people to use <i>R</i>, we would also love to hear your ideas! </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span>Charles Auerbach, PhD and Wendy Zeitlin Schudrich, PhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07285713913938363976noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4966521053353995572.post-51696050564673428732014-08-21T07:23:00.001-07:002014-08-21T07:23:41.568-07:00Using R in the Classroom (or How We Tried to Inspire Reluctant Students)<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The summer is nearly over and we are preparing for our fall classes. As we are readying ourselves for a busy semester, we thought we would reflect back over the summer semester and let you know how we used <i>R</i> with our students taking Applied Methods in Social Work Research, a general course in research methods.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This was the first semester where ALL of our Applied Methods sections used <i>R</i> instead of proprietary software, so we took this opportunity to make some small, but substantial changes to our teaching methods.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">For the first time:</span><br />
<br />
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">We introduced <i>R</i> on the first day of the semester EVEN though we don't get into data analysis until much further along. Why did we do this? We thought that introducing students to <i>R</i> early would build confidence as we taught skills incrementally.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">We gave brief and simple homework assignments after most classes. This is something we had been hesitant to do in the past, as not all students had access to statistical software off-campus (i.e., we never required students to purchase expensive propriety software previously). Since <i>R</i> and <i>RStudio</i> are free, safe downloads, everyone could access it from their home computers. Some authors have suggested that requiring students to do independent research work outside of the classroom is related to more positive attitudes towards research and increased abilities (see Elliott, Choi, & Friedline, 2013).</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">We had an open lab at least once a week where students could join us and ask questions about <i>R</i> or their homework assignments. This gave students the opportunity to get a little one-on-one attention in areas where they thought they might need some individual help.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The students completed a semester-long research class evaluating factors related to satisfaction with social work education. They got involved in all aspects of the project from identifying research questions, creating hypotheses, constructing a survey, collecting data, to analyzing data and reporting findings.</span></li>
</ul>
<br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">By the way, if you are reading this blog and you were one of our students this summer, we welcome comments and constructive criticism, particularly on how <i>R</i> worked for you!</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">If you find this interesting, we invite you to join us at The Council on Social Work Education Annual Program Meeting in Tampa. We are presenting a skills workshop on Saturday, October 25th at 11 am. The title of the workshop is <span style="background-color: white;"><i>Using R to Build Research Skills and Research Capacity in Master's-Level Students</i>. As we get closer to APM, we will share with you a bit of what we will be presenting, but, as usual, we will be able to provide you with much more content and many more resources than makes sense in a blog.</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Feel free to check out our website at <a href="http://www.ssdanalysis.com/">www.ssdanalysis.com</a> and, as always, we welcome your <a href="mailto:ssdforr2013@gmail.com" target="_blank">comments</a>!</span></span>Charles Auerbach, PhD and Wendy Zeitlin Schudrich, PhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07285713913938363976noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4966521053353995572.post-32668133013112027552014-07-27T18:12:00.000-07:002014-07-27T18:12:12.320-07:00R, R and more R!When we first set out to write this blog, we were really only thinking about using R to analyze data with single-subject designs - and <i>SSD for R</i> was born and our book was written!<br />
<br />
But, as we worked on that software and book, we did a lot of reading and spoke to a lot of people. We piloted <i>SSD for R</i> with students, and we talked to each other about it a lot. We came to the same (anecdotal) conclusion - using R is just as easy for students to use as any other statistical software package. Even those really slick menu-driven packages. Even those really expensive proprietary packages that EVERYONE uses.<br />
<br />
In fact, R seemed to have a distinct advantage over those for our students - it is free so students could easily download it at home at no cost and mess with it. And with a little prodding, they have! And so a new idea was born - what if we taught ALL our Master's-level courses with R?<br />
<br />
This is just what we did this summer at Wurzweiler - all Master's-level research courses were taught using R with great success! Over the next few blog posts, we will share a bit of what we have done with R in our classes. We hope to inspire YOU to check out R more, too!<br />
<br />
What do you want to know about using R in the classroom? Let us <a href="mailto:ssdforr2013@gmail.com" target="_blank">know</a>!Charles Auerbach, PhD and Wendy Zeitlin Schudrich, PhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07285713913938363976noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4966521053353995572.post-24774110087593561172014-07-10T12:05:00.002-07:002014-07-10T12:05:59.219-07:00A Single-Subject Study of the Impact of Exercise on Pain and Fatigue in an Ostomy Patient<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This is one last project from one of our Spring 2014
semester students. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Our student did a really interesting project focusing on a
patient with ulcerative colitis.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
patient, Beth, had had an emergency ileostomy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Beth’s presenting problems were fatigue and pain.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was thought that introducing an exercise
regimen would address these issues.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">To measure fatigue, Beth responded to the following prompt
three days each week:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“How tired do you
feel today?”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This was measured with a
self-anchoring scale with 0 indicating that she didn’t feel tired at all during
the day and 5 indicating that she felt tired most of the time.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Beth’s pain was measured on an 11-point self-anchoring scale
on the same days and times as she measured pain.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Zero indicated no pain at all and 10
indicated unbearable pain.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As Beth was
primarily concerned with back pain, the prompt she responded to was a rating of
her back pain, specifically.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Like our other class projects, this was an A-B design.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In a general analysis of her data, our student noted no
significant trend in the baseline data for the fatigue or pain variables.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Autocorrelation was high and significant in
the baseline for fatigue; however, there was not a problem with data being
autocorrelated for the pain variable. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In the intervention phase, the trend in the fatigue variable
was significant as was the level and magnitude of autocorrelation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There was not a significant trend for the
pain variable; however, there was a high and significant level of
autocorrelation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Therefore, to statistically compare phases, our student used
the conservative dual criteria (CDC) for both of her variables.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The graph of the CDC for fatigue is shown
below:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><o:p> </o:p>Output from <i>SSD for R</i>
indicated that eleven data points would be required below both the mean and
regression lines in the intervention, but only two were present. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">To determine the effect size, our student used the g-index,
as there was a significant trend in one of the phases. A small effect size was observed and was in
concert with Beth’s reported level of fatigue during the intervention.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">To examine the pain variable, our student also used the CDC,
the graph of which is shown below:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In this case, eleven data points were needed below both
lines, and thirteen were obtained, illustrating a statistically significant
improvement from baseline to intervention.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Effect size was measured using the d-index, and a 45.1%
improvement in pain was noted since the introduction of the intervention.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This study had interesting results.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Introduction of the exercise program
coincided with a decrease in back pain, but not a decrease in fatigue.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Therefore, it was suggested that Beth examine
other options to relieve her fatigue.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">With regard to implications for practice, our student noted
that ostomy surgery often takes a toll on patients as body images are
altered.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She concluded her study by
saying that “more research studies are needed to
break down the stigma against ostomies, to show how effective mind-body therapies
can be, and to determine the types of exercise that can keep an ostomate in
healthy remission.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Nice work and interesting
study!</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<!--EndFragment-->Charles Auerbach, PhD and Wendy Zeitlin Schudrich, PhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07285713913938363976noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4966521053353995572.post-56841628564208110292014-06-25T08:51:00.000-07:002014-06-25T08:51:17.879-07:00New version of SSD for R is availableWe wanted to let you know that the latest and greatest version of <i>SSD for R</i> is now available for download from CRAN: Version 1.4.5<br />
<br />
What's different about this version? We fixed a BUG in the d-index. <br />
<br />
This actually means, not only a correction to the <b>Effectsize() </b>function, but also a correction to an error in <i>SSD for R: An R Package for Analyzing Single-System Data</i>.<br />
<br />
On page 56, we display the effect size for Jenny's yelling. With a slightly incorrect formula, we OVERESTIMATED the value for the d-index. We initially reported a value of 2.011, but you will see below, with the correction, the actual value is 1.947.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdLZR7BgvW1tZGbxNVxULk_ci28gmcS5ApubaxLFuaO4Odgx7qrJ52buUFu2Y3GZZlaqX985LOiofgmReFxnzKvwhQY9W_l7d2YzpwH_K2DJY2RIyjZ1ixcUQGKvNlgVeZtgDw-8ho88f-/s1600/Effect+size.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdLZR7BgvW1tZGbxNVxULk_ci28gmcS5ApubaxLFuaO4Odgx7qrJ52buUFu2Y3GZZlaqX985LOiofgmReFxnzKvwhQY9W_l7d2YzpwH_K2DJY2RIyjZ1ixcUQGKvNlgVeZtgDw-8ho88f-/s1600/Effect+size.jpg" height="275" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
The actual percentage change was very small, but we like precision!<br />
<br />
And speaking of effect sizes, we will give you something to look forward - we will be adding <i>Hedge's g</i> to the next version of <i>SSD for R</i>, which will be up on CRAN at the end of July.<br />
<br />
Finally, check out the home page of our website at: <a href="http://www.ssdanalysis.com/">www.ssdanalysis.com</a>. We are showing off the new cover of our book and provide you with links to where you can purchase it!<br />
<br />
As always, feel free to contact us on our website: <a href="https://www.ssdanalysis.com/Contact_Page.html">https://www.ssdanalysis.com/Contact_Page.html</a><br />
<br />
We like hearing from all of you!Charles Auerbach, PhD and Wendy Zeitlin Schudrich, PhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07285713913938363976noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4966521053353995572.post-49276023396199352602014-06-11T16:41:00.000-07:002014-06-11T16:41:01.883-07:00Another student project - Evaluating services with a high school student
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
In this blog post, we will also feature the work of a
student from our Spring 2014 semester.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This project was completed by Shuli Tsadok.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span>Shuli did
her internship in a private high school, and she was working with Linda, a 10<sup>th</sup>
grade student who was new to the school.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Linda was referred for social work services because she was extremely
withdrawn both with peers and with teachers; she rarely interacted with other
students and did not participate in class discussions.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
To measure
the problem, Shuli asked Linda’s teacher to record how many times Linda raised
her hand in her English class.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
baseline period was two school weeks (n=10).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>During that time, Linda raised her hand, on average, 0.5 times per class
period (SD=0.707).</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
During this
assessment period, Shuli hypothesized that Linda’s withdrawn behavior was a
result of social anxiety caused by extreme shyness.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>To intervene with Linda, Shuli chose exposure
therapy in which Linda would be put in positions to interact with others
more.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Linda was assigned to a group
project with other students in which she would not only have to collaborate
with her classmates in a somewhat unstructured manner, but she would also have
to give a presentation to the class.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Additionally, Shuli would meet with Linda in public places and
encouraged her to interact with others in these settings.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Finally, Linda was given a peer tutor, which
encouraged interaction with at least one other student.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
After the
intervention was introduced, the mean number of times Linda raised her hand in
class increased to 1 (SD=0.667).</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
A line
graph comparing phases is displayed below:</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgC016oibgW_cYlAGpSOVYvlGPW2WzlLfKYjiuU5JHRh5TQoxivdEWb4B-UIu08i00YKIzkNp9hCYxkAe1divB_5FdKjOQKY-rhQklA5V0k9ss4XJGTn-Xj0RW6z43ViktEy_5D9ux9RA0M/s1600/Shuli+line+graph.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgC016oibgW_cYlAGpSOVYvlGPW2WzlLfKYjiuU5JHRh5TQoxivdEWb4B-UIu08i00YKIzkNp9hCYxkAe1divB_5FdKjOQKY-rhQklA5V0k9ss4XJGTn-Xj0RW6z43ViktEy_5D9ux9RA0M/s1600/Shuli+line+graph.jpg" height="400" width="369" /></a></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
To compare the phases, Shuli noted that there was no issue
of trending or autocorrelation, so she used a t-test as a statistical
method.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>With a calculated <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">p</i>-value of 0.1211, Shuli noted that
there were no statistical differences between the phases.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, with few data points and the
intervention moving in the right direction, Shuli looked at the effect of the
intervention.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The effect size for this
intervention indicated a small degree of change.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The overall
question for this course was to evaluate how well an intervention was working
for a particular client.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Shuli noted
that this intervention was not particularly effective for this client.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When she thought about it, she concluded that
the lack of meaningful positive change could have been attributed to an
unavoidable interruption in social work services combined with the fact that Linda
is extremely shy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Perhaps an extremely
shy teen may have benefited from a different intervention.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
Shuli noted that the “results in
this study cannot be generalized because the study was only done on one client
for a very brief period of time.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
While this intervention was not particularly
helpful for this client, we believe that this type of information is extremely useful
to social work practitioners – it is just as important to understand what does
NOT work for a client as what does!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Nice
evaluation, Shuli!
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
What do YOU think of Shuli's project? Feel free to contact us <a href="mailto:cwresearchassociates@gmail.com" target="_blank">here</a> and check out some of the additions to our <a href="http://www.ssdanalysis.com/" target="_blank">website</a>!</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
Charles Auerbach, PhD and Wendy Zeitlin Schudrich, PhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07285713913938363976noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4966521053353995572.post-74193352897826404072014-05-26T16:20:00.003-07:002014-05-26T16:21:24.070-07:00SSD for R in the Classroom: One of our final projects!<div class="MsoNormal">
Now that the semester has ended, we thought we might show
you some of our students’ final projects.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This first project was done by Catherine Faro.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The client that Catherine worked with was CW, a 21-year-old
white male. CW was recently released from jail and was in treatment at a local
mental health clinic with a recovery program for those dually diagnosed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Catherine noticed that CW was not
participating in his therapeutic group and sought to increase his participation.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
After some research, Catherine chose to use <i>Anger
Management for Substance Abuse and Mental Health Clients: A Cognitive
Behavioral Therapy Manual </i>(Reilly & Shopshire, 2002) to intervene with
this client.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was hoped that this
intervention would help CW verbalize his anger, learn adaptive coping skills,
and connect better to group treatment.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
To measure CW’s progress, Catherine assessed his
participation at each group session.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A
session was coded as 0 if CW did not participate at all, as 1 if he
participated but in a non-substantive manner, and as 2 if he participated fully
and constructively.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Baseline measures were taken for 11 sessions prior to
beginning the intervention and for 26 sessions after the intervention was
introduced.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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Catherine produced the following line graph comparing the
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She also produced descriptive
statistics and a box plot for each phase: </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 389.6pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieqp0oU7u5dLed7fdnr_XMoNA1z2Juv3MMT8pEGb2iMQh02PD5E_XztMyn9U9EuBn8gOdKVGo6qaOuGd67z-dwS2gkkq7EDLVES9FGXOCA99T3Oxd7XbF1RZo7GKUQF2U27SMcYR2ije_4/s1600/boxplot.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieqp0oU7u5dLed7fdnr_XMoNA1z2Juv3MMT8pEGb2iMQh02PD5E_XztMyn9U9EuBn8gOdKVGo6qaOuGd67z-dwS2gkkq7EDLVES9FGXOCA99T3Oxd7XbF1RZo7GKUQF2U27SMcYR2ije_4/s1600/boxplot.jpg" /></a></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Catherine noted that both the mean and median levels of
participation rose with the intervention.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In further analyzing
her data, Catherine did a trend analysis for both baseline and intervention and
noted no significant trend in either phase.
Additionally, she noted no potential issues with autocorrelation in
either phase.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
To
statistically<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>compare the two phases,
Catherine used the binomial test to compare baseline successes with
intervention phase successes in two ways.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>First, “success” was defined as ANY type of group participation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Looking at it this way, CW was successful
27.2% of the time during the baseline and 67.8% of the time during the
intervention (p=0.00).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>To evaluate this
intervention more rigorously, Catherine then defined success as only productive
group participation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Under this more
stringent definition, CW was successful during baseline 18% of the time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>During the intervention, he was successful
39.3% of the time (p=0.01).<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Catherine
then examined the size of the effect of the intervention using the
d-index.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She found that that, with the
intervention, CWs group participation improved 27.25%, a small to moderate
effect.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">BUT HOW DOES THIS IMPACT
CATHERINE’S PRACTICE WITH CW?<o:p></o:p></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Catherine
concluded that the CBT techniques employed in the intervention may be having an
impact on his self-reflection in group.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>In her own words:<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><i>“CW became better able to discuss
situations that made him angry, and examine the cognitive processes behind them
and discuss his anger responses in a group setting. These two components
assisted him in participating in group both in general, and in a self-reflective
manner.”</i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Catherine said that this analysis
“<i>provides support for continued use of CBT techniques to help CW become more
aware of his anger responses, and modulate them to more appropriate and
constructive ways.</i>”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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Charles Auerbach, PhD and Wendy Zeitlin Schudrich, PhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07285713913938363976noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4966521053353995572.post-6765860469274746022014-05-14T07:47:00.000-07:002014-05-14T07:47:27.260-07:00Sneak peek of SSD for R: An R Package for Analyzing Single-Subject DataWe have been super busy in the last few weeks with <i>SSD for R</i> between teaching single-subject research methodology to our students and getting ready for the publication of our book.<br />
<br />
Excitingly, our book release is imminent. While Amazon.com lists an estimated ship date of July 2 , the folks at Oxford said that they should have the books in their warehouse by May 28, and they should be ready to ship in the day or two after that. <br />
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We are really proud of this work, and we are very pleased with the way the book physically looks. Check out our cover:<br />
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You can also get a sneak peak of the manuscript on Amazon at: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/SSD-package-Analyzing-Single-Subject-Data/dp/0199343594/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1400077997&sr=1-1&keywords=auerbach+and+zeitlin" target="_blank">http://www.amazon.com/SSD-package-Analyzing-Single-Subject-Data/dp/0199343594/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1400077997&sr=1-1&keywords=auerbach+and+zeitlin</a><br />
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Or on Google books at: <a href="http://books.google.com/books?id=guB_AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA6&dq=auerbach+and+zeitlin&hl=en&sa=X&ei=VoBzU5zMBKqqsQSZooHIBw&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false" target="_blank"> http://books.google.com/books?id=guB_AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA6&dq=auerbach+and+zeitlin&hl=en&sa=X&ei=VoBzU5zMBKqqsQSZooHIBw&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false</a><br />
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What do you think? We'd love to hear from you! Feel free to email us <a href="mailto:cwresearchassociates@gmail.com" target="_blank">here</a>. And check out our website! All the sample files contained in the book are located on the <i>Datasets</i> tab at <a href="http://www.ssdanalysis.com/" target="_blank">www.ssdanalysis.com</a>.Charles Auerbach, PhD and Wendy Zeitlin Schudrich, PhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07285713913938363976noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4966521053353995572.post-25117440359055378562014-04-06T08:39:00.000-07:002014-04-06T08:39:35.663-07:00ENHANCEMENTS to SSD for R - version 1.4.3We simply don't rest! In the past few weeks we have been hard at work getting the book ready for publication AND we have added some enhancements to <i>SSD for R</i>!<br />
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First, to get the newest version of our software, simply click the "Check for Updates" button in the Packages pane of RStudio. You may want to update all your packages, but you will DEFINITELY want to update <i>SSD for R</i>. Here's what's new:<br />
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<b>Trimline()</b> - this function enables you to add a trimmed mean line to an ABplot(). We had this function before, but now when you run the function, the value for the trimmed mean is displayed in the Console. How does this help you? It makes labeling your graph really, really easy. For example, it took me about 30 seconds to produce and completely annotate this graph of a client's crying behavior.<br />
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<b>IQRline()</b> - this function enables you to add interquartile range lines to any phase on an ABplot(). Again, we had this function before, but output in the Console makes it really easy to label your graphs quickly. Here's what this could look like with the same client's crying behavior.</div>
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<b>ABstat()</b> - again, the output in the Console makes labeling graphs a snap. In this case, we added and labeled the median line to the ABplot() above. Now, we essentially have the middle part of a box plot superimposed on a line graph!</div>
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<b>Gindex()</b> - finally, we added some additional information in the output to this effect size function. Now, we can interpret our findings more easily.</div>
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With accepted values displayed in the output, we can see that our desired range, below the regression line, has a calculated value of 0.462, which is indicative of a medium effect. The graph in the plots pane helps us visualize this clearly.</div>
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Be sure to check out these and other enhancements on our website: <a href="http://ssdanalysis.com/">ssdanalysis.com</a></div>
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And, as always, be sure to email us you comments or ideas: <a href="mailto:cwresearchassociates@gmail.com">cwresearchassociates@gmail.com</a></div>
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<br />Charles Auerbach, PhD and Wendy Zeitlin Schudrich, PhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07285713913938363976noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4966521053353995572.post-11084458877302672462014-03-15T13:55:00.000-07:002014-03-15T13:55:38.339-07:00PREORDER!!!!We haven't written about our book lately because, frankly, it is not out yet and so there is little to say. We have, however, been busy working with Oxford to get <i>SSD for R: An R Package for Analyzing Single-Subject Data</i> ready for market.<br />
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We have worked with the copy editors, who have been wonderful, to make sure both the text and the art work look good. We have <u><b>SO</b></u> many graphs in the book that this took a while. We had debated putting so many in, but we really wanted readers to be able to step through each of the functions while they are analyzing sample data. The best way to do this, we thought, would be to provide visuals so people could confirm that they are getting and interpreting their output correctly.<br />
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Then, we got the galleys. For those that aren't familiar with publishing, this is an electronic version of what the final product should look like. We were blown away! The text is laid out really nicely and the publishers integrated the graphics with the text well. It looks gorgeous, if we do say so ourselves.<br />
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So....<br />
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Get out there and pre-order the book! You can find it <a href="http://www.amazon.com/SSD-package-Analyzing-Single-Subject-Data/dp/0199343594/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1394915965&sr=8-1&keywords=ssd+for+r+%2B+auerbach" target="_blank">here</a> on Amazon and <a href="http://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/ssd-for-r-charles-auerbach/1118829523?ean=9780199343591" target="_blank">here</a> on Barnes and Noble. We worked hard with Oxford to keep the cost of this book down, and you'll see that they obliged us. We wanted people to be able to purchase our book with out breaking the bank. When you check out the links, you will notice that, for now, the cover is not shown, but trust us - it looks snazzy!Charles Auerbach, PhD and Wendy Zeitlin Schudrich, PhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07285713913938363976noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4966521053353995572.post-65074784966640630842014-03-02T16:53:00.000-08:002014-03-02T16:53:17.007-08:00SSD for R in the classroom: Student projectsWe are about a third of the way through the Spring semester here in balmy NYC, yet spring seems nowhere to be found!<br />
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We have, however, found that our students' projects for the semester are shaping up to be quite interesting. We thought we'd give you a sample of what they are planning on working on so you can get a sense as to what sorts of single-subject evaluations are going on in our Master's-level classes:<br />
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<li>One student is doing her placement in a partial hospitalization program that provides services for individuals with eating disorders. She is going to be examining a clients' compliance with following her meal plan.</li>
<li>Another student is going to be working with a young adult client to adapt to life after removal of a significant portion of her intestine due to ulcerative colitis. This includes getting used to an ostomy bag.</li>
<li>Another student, who works with special needs elementary school students, will be using <i>SSD for R</i> to track a client's impulsive behaviors.</li>
<li>Finally, another student, who provides marital counseling, will use <i>SSD for R </i>to track both positive and negative interactions in a couple at-risk for divorce. </li>
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We could go on and on, but we will all have to wait and see what our students come up with as the semester unfolds. We will be sure to share some of our students' work with you later in the semester, with their permission, of course!</div>
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In the meantime, feel free to check out our website at <a href="http://www.ssdanalysis.com/">www.ssdanalysis.com</a>, and feel free to <a href="mailto:cwresarchassociates@gmail.com" target="_blank">e-mail </a>us with any comments or questions.</div>
Charles Auerbach, PhD and Wendy Zeitlin Schudrich, PhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07285713913938363976noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4966521053353995572.post-51519992689588648422014-02-19T06:12:00.000-08:002014-02-19T06:12:12.333-08:00Using SSD for R in the Classroom: Learning from our studentsOver the past year or so, we have met almost all of you at one time or another in person so you probably know that we like to collaborate - with each other, with those interested in single-subject research, with those doing evaluations, and with our students.<br />
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During a class last week, one of Charlie's Master's students, Ezra Fromowitz, came up with a great little suggestion for <i>SSD for R</i>. When you annotate a simple line graph using the <b>ABstat</b> function, which produces mean, median, and standard deviation lines, why not provide the value for the requested statistic in the Console? This would make it much easier to further annotate the graph with useful information using the <b>ABtext</b> function.<br />
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Here's what Ezra meant:<br />
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Let's say we had created the line graph below depicting Jenny's crying episodes during class. We created the line graph using the <b>ABplot</b> function, added the phase line using the <b>ABlines</b> function, and then labeled the phases using the <b>ABtext</b> function.<br />
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Perhaps, however, we would want to add a mean line for the phases. We could add this by using the <b>ABstat</b> function. The output in the Console now tells us that the mean for the baseline is 4.615 and the mean for the intervention is 1.591. We can further annotate our graph to provide some really helpful output:</div>
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What an excellent suggestion, Ezra! </div>
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Ezra's suggestion was so helpful that we have now added it to the <i>SSD for R</i> package, so be sure to install the latest version by selecting "Check for Updates" in the Packages pane of RStudio!</div>
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If you have any suggestions for making <i>SSD for R</i> better or more useful for you, feel free to <a href="mailto:cwresearchassociates@gmail.com" target="_blank">email</a> us. And, as always, check out our <a href="http://www.ssdanalysis.com/" target="_blank">website</a> because we are updating it frequently these days!</div>
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<br />Charles Auerbach, PhD and Wendy Zeitlin Schudrich, PhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07285713913938363976noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4966521053353995572.post-71072963466818640882014-02-10T08:35:00.000-08:002014-02-10T08:35:33.111-08:00Getting ready for the book!We are getting ready for the release of <i>SSD for R: An R Package for Analyzing Single-Subject Research</i>.<i> </i>We are really excited because we've had some fabulous conversations with folks at all the conferences we've been to this year, and we think this book will be really helpful in advancing single-subject research.<br />
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In any event, we have updated our website to make it more useful for book purchasers. In the book (and many of our students have read our manuscript) we have lots of examples using sample data, so we have added a tab to our website called "Datasets." <br />
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Feel free to download the files when you get your book so you can step through each of the examples.<br />
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Also, if there is something you would like to see on our <a href="http://www.ssdanalysis.com/" target="_blank">website</a>, let us know by <a href="mailto:cwresearchassociates@gmail.com" target="_blank">emailing</a> us.<br />
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Charlie and WendyCharles Auerbach, PhD and Wendy Zeitlin Schudrich, PhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07285713913938363976noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4966521053353995572.post-53132584947282314692014-01-31T12:33:00.000-08:002014-01-31T12:33:58.809-08:00Spring is in the air!Not actual spring, mind you, since the temperature in New York has barely broken 20 degrees all winter, but the Spring 2014 semester! We came back from SSWR in San Antonio energized - we had a really good interactive workshop AND we got to meet some other social workers who use R! <br />
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In the meantime, we have four sections of Practice Research going on at Wurzweiler this spring, and we thought we would let you know how our students are using <i>SSD for R</i> throughout the semester. <br />
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Everyone teaches a little differently, but, over the years, we have both come to the conclusion that the best way to get students comfortable with using statistical software is to have them use it early, incrementally, and often. The students don't get into analyzing their own data until later in the semester, so we start out with datasets that we use throughout our book and in our own research.<br />
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Charlie's class, which meets in person, has already created their first annotated graph of Jenny's yelling:<br />
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Pretty good for the first day of class, huh?</div>
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Wendy's class is a distance learning class (a big shout out to Moodle, which is making our lives infinitely easier this semester), so that section is more concerned right now with downloading <i>R, RStudio, and SSD for R, </i>since these students' computer labs are in their living rooms<i>.</i> Once we have everyone on-board with that, we will be zipping right along. </div>
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We have both provided our students with an earlier draft of the manuscript for our book, so they can step through activities at home AND they will be able to refer back to the text throughout the semester when the students eventually analyze their own data.</div>
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Stay tuned - we both LOVE teaching this class (and our students enjoy taking it), so we will be blogging often about our students' progress.</div>
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In the meantime, feel free to check out our <a href="http://www.ssdanalysis.com/" target="_blank">website</a> and feel free to <a href="mailto:cwresearchassociates@gmail.com" target="_blank">email</a> us!</div>
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<br />Charles Auerbach, PhD and Wendy Zeitlin Schudrich, PhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07285713913938363976noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4966521053353995572.post-5917782211515392522014-01-01T18:00:00.000-08:002014-01-01T18:00:33.991-08:00Goal!Did we get your attention? No, we are not talking football! We are talking about the <i>Gline() </i>function, which is in the newest release of <i>SSD for R, </i>1.4.1<i>. </i><br />
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After spending some time with John Orme and Terri Combs-Orme at CSWE in Dallas this past November, we thought that it would be a good idea to add a goal line to our graphing functions. What does a goal line represent? It displays a personal goal that you're aiming for in your work with your client/student/patient.<br />
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Here's an example for you: <br />
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Bobby is a child who is throwing temper tantrums at school. The ultimate goal would be, of course, to eliminate these completely, but a shorter term objective is to decrease the tantrums to no more than one a day. We can now visualize this:<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhd0mr-YU8PQmXHXbvdIq2j_xbbK1TFMxQxei_qJ1c4xICouwNaYtfjZGjfTr3l4qsx5icOpSP8LxI4f-a3EZi7MrpM14ZQVVm3v-MeyxrNNWDTF4tJCAmr_IZy6OqqCtTxrFBr2CToT-Ep/s1600/Bobby.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhd0mr-YU8PQmXHXbvdIq2j_xbbK1TFMxQxei_qJ1c4xICouwNaYtfjZGjfTr3l4qsx5icOpSP8LxI4f-a3EZi7MrpM14ZQVVm3v-MeyxrNNWDTF4tJCAmr_IZy6OqqCtTxrFBr2CToT-Ep/s1600/Bobby.jpeg" height="256" width="400" /></a></div>
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By adding a goal line, we can see that in the baseline, Bobby met this goal three times, but met it or exceeded it fourteen times in the intervention.<br />
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If you haven't downloaded the newest version of <i>SSD for R</i>, do it now so you can use this slick new function!<br />
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If you haven't visited our website lately, come see us as <a href="http://www.ssdanalysis.com/">www.ssdanalysis.com</a>!<br />
<br />Charles Auerbach, PhD and Wendy Zeitlin Schudrich, PhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07285713913938363976noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4966521053353995572.post-57016950602183206142013-12-11T09:41:00.003-08:002013-12-11T09:41:22.747-08:00Busy, busy, busy!We haven't posted for a while, but it's not that we have forgotten about this blog - just the opposite! We've been incredibly busy, and we didn't want to post again until we had the time to fill you in adequately.<br />
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In late October, we were down in Dallas for the Council on Social Work Education's Annual Program Meeting. While we were given a VERY early time slot on the last day of the conference (7:30 am!), our session was well-attended, and another interesting discussion ensued. In addition to demonstrating <i>SSD for R</i>, Dr. Susan Mason joined us and spoke about the relationship between theory, evidence-based practice, single-subject research.<br />
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And breaking news - the manuscript is FINISHED! We've spent the last few days working with Oxford on abstracts, approving the layout of the book, etc. Of course we knew this was all coming, but we are incredibly excited that the book is going to production next week. <i>SSD for R: An R Package for Analyzing Single-Subject Data</i> will be available for our students to use this summer semester. Stay tuned - we will be excited to let you know when the book is officially for sale.<br />
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Next up - we will be going back to Texas in January to demonstrate <i>SSD for R </i>at the Society for Social Work and Research in San Antonio. We are just hoping that the weather is better in Texas then than it is right now.<br />
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If we don't post again until 2014, we want to wish you all a healthy and happy New Year!Charles Auerbach, PhD and Wendy Zeitlin Schudrich, PhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07285713913938363976noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4966521053353995572.post-20687704582968902792013-10-26T14:12:00.000-07:002013-10-26T14:12:55.478-07:00Charlie and Wendy Go To WashingtonNot at all like the movie <i>Mr. Smith Goes to Washington</i>, but equally exciting - at least for us!<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJDnlkyxD_M0gBvaSJPLC4hsPXQrhBMim48tHHlRfXf7zszmVKOAmVhJ9Hei6KkPisEbWRSykd1S544-BR2JAdL3Jz_gHQbbLEUPSdq6L34DK-p8fIt05900LIErZlOvArP6FNkhxdW7e3/s1600/badges.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="156" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJDnlkyxD_M0gBvaSJPLC4hsPXQrhBMim48tHHlRfXf7zszmVKOAmVhJ9Hei6KkPisEbWRSykd1S544-BR2JAdL3Jz_gHQbbLEUPSdq6L34DK-p8fIt05900LIErZlOvArP6FNkhxdW7e3/s400/badges.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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As you can imagine, things were a little touch and go as we prepared for our first presentation at the American Evaluation Association meeting. After all, the Federal government had been shut down for 16 days and had just re-opened on Thursday. We Amtracked it down to DC (is Amtracked a word?) on Friday and were scheduled to present on Saturday morning.<br />
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The conference, however, actually began prior to the re-opening of the Federal government, and we had already been warned that attendance would likely be low, sessions would be cancelled, etc. We had already steeled ourselves for a less-than-stellar showing, especially since we were presenting on the last day of the conference, a less than ideal time slot.<br />
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We had never presented at AEA before so we have no idea how to gauge turnout at our session, but the presentation was exceptionally well received! As was our goal, we were able to demonstrate <i>SSD for R</i> to a diverse audience. We were lucky that Mansour Kazi, a colleague from The University at Albany who has written a seminal article in single-case research, was able to attend, but we also had evaluators from other disciplines show up, including medicine and education.<br />
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The presentation went very well, if we do say so ourselves. Feel free to watch a version of our presentation <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=00URg3QInjU" target="_blank">here</a>. Lots of conversation ensued, even after the presentation ended, so we are hoping to start building a learning community where those of us interested in single-subject research have a virtual space to meet and talk.<br />
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That being said, if you have any suggestions for blog posts, feel free to contact us as <a href="mailto:ssdforr2013@gmail.com">ssdforr2013@gmail.com</a>! Also, feel free to check out our <a href="http://www.ssdanalysis.com/" target="_blank">website</a> - it's growing regularly!<br />
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<br />Charles Auerbach, PhD and Wendy Zeitlin Schudrich, PhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07285713913938363976noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4966521053353995572.post-85166627047963375632013-10-12T07:28:00.000-07:002013-10-12T07:28:49.181-07:00SSD for R Workshop #1 Next week, we are on tour! Well, not the wait-on-line all night for tix kind of tour or, in the modern era, pummeling Ticketmaster.com repeatedly until you get the seats you want kind-of-tour. This is more like the software developer/statistical-folks type of tour.<br />
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Actually, this is the first in a series of three workshops we are giving at conferences this year. Next Saturday, October 19, we will be at The American Evaluation Association's Annual Conference in the Morgan Room at the Washington Hilton from 10:45 - 11:30. <br />
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Two weeks later, we will be at the Council on Social Work Education's APM at the Hilton Anatole in Dallas, Texas. Our presentation is bright and early: 7:30 - 8:30 on Sunday, November 3 in the Edelweiss Room.<br />
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Then, we won't be presenting again until January, where we will be doing another workshop at Society for Social Work and Research's Annual Conference in San Antonio, Texas.<br />
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Three conferences tailored to three different audiences! Join us and let us know what you think. In the mean time, we will be posting our presentation slides on our website after each conference.Charles Auerbach, PhD and Wendy Zeitlin Schudrich, PhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07285713913938363976noreply@blogger.com0